"oxen" meaning in Middle English

See oxen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: ocsen [alternative], oksen [alternative], oxon [alternative], oxsen [alternative], oxsyn [alternative], oxyne [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English oxan; equivalent to oxe + -en (plural suffix). Etymology templates: {{etymon|enm|:inh|ang:oxan|:afeq|oxe|-en<id:noun plural>}}, {{inh|enm|ang|oxan}} Old English oxan, {{af|enm|oxe|-en|id2=noun plural|nocat=1|pos2=plural suffix}} oxe + -en (plural suffix) Head templates: {{head|enm|noun form}} oxen
  1. plural of oxe Tags: form-of, plural Form of: oxe Synonyms: exen, oxes

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:oxan",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "oxe",
        "6": "-en<id:noun plural>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "oxan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English oxan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oxe",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "noun plural",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "plural suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "oxe + -en (plural suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English oxan; equivalent to oxe + -en (plural suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ocsen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oksen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxon",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxsen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxsyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "oxen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries referencing etymons with mismatched IDs",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -en",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "oxe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of oxe"
      ],
      "id": "en-oxen-enm-noun-f-cbrVLl",
      "links": [
        [
          "oxe",
          "oxe#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "exen"
        },
        {
          "word": "oxes"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "oxen"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "ang:oxan",
        "4": ":afeq",
        "5": "oxe",
        "6": "-en<id:noun plural>"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "oxan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English oxan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "oxe",
        "3": "-en",
        "id2": "noun plural",
        "nocat": "1",
        "pos2": "plural suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "oxe + -en (plural suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English oxan; equivalent to oxe + -en (plural suffix).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ocsen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oksen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxon",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxsen",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxsyn",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "oxyne",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "oxen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries referencing etymons with mismatched IDs",
        "Middle English entries referencing missing etymons",
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English non-lemma forms",
        "Middle English noun forms",
        "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
        "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *uksḗn",
        "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
        "Middle English terms suffixed with -en",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "oxe"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of oxe"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "oxe",
          "oxe#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "exen"
        },
        {
          "word": "oxes"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "oxen"
}

Download raw JSONL data for oxen meaning in Middle English (1.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.